Amantadine (Symmetrel®, Gocovri®, Osmolex ER®, Endantadine®)

What is Amantadine?

Amantadine is an antiviral drug that was historically used in horses to treat equine influenza. It is now infrequently utilized for this illness and is typically prescribed along with other pain relief medications such as NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) or gabapentin to treat chronic pain in dogs and cats. Examples of chronic pain that are best treated with amantadine include arthritis, neurologic pain, and pain associated with cancer. 

Amantadine is available under the brand names Symmetrel®, Gocovri®, Osmolex ER®, and Endantadine®. This is called extra-label, or sometimes off-label use, because this use isn’t described on the drug label. 

How Amantadine Works

Amantadine inhibits the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor. This is a receptor in the nervous system that binds to neurotransmitters (a chemical used to transfer a nerve impulse from one nerve cell to the next) that can create a sensation of pain. The NMDA receptor is involved in wind-up pain, which causes a feeling of sustained pain when the nervous system is subjected to repeated stimulation. By blocking these NMDA receptors, amantadine helps alleviate chronic pain, especially when used together with other pain control medications. 

Amantadine Directions

This medication is most often administered daily, but frequency may vary. It can be given with or without food. Follow the directions on the drug label or as provided by your veterinarian.  

Missed a Dose? 

If you forget to give a dose of amantadine, give it when you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your normal dosing schedule. Do not give extra or double doses.  

Amantadine Possible Side Effects

The most common side effects with amantadine are mild and generally resolve with time. These include: 

• Agitation  

• Loose or soft stools 

• Flatulence 

• Diarrhea 

Amantadine also has anticholinergic effects (meaning that it can block the action of certain neurotransmitters responsible for the parasympathetic nervous system), which can cause symptoms of increased thirst, urinary retention, and an increased heart rate. 

Human Side Effects 

While this is a human prescription medication there are different dosages and side effects that can occur in humans. If you accidentally ingest this medication, call your physician or the national Poison Control Center hotline at 800-222-1222. 

Monitoring 

No specific monitoring is required for this medication. However, your veterinarian may recommend routine testing depending on your pets' individual needs to monitor the issue that initially caused your pet to be placed on this medication. 

Call Your Vet If: 

• Severe side effects are seen (see above) 

• You see or suspect an overdose 

• You have additional questions or concerns about the use of amantadine 

Amantadine Overdose Information

Symptoms of an overdose of amantadine may include tremors (shaking), trouble breathing, lack of coordination, increased salivation, and vomiting. If you suspect an overdose or notice any of these symptoms immediately contact your veterinarian or an animal poison control center. Consultation fees often apply. 

Pet Poison Helpline (855) 764-7661 

ASPCA Animal Poison Control (888) 426-4435 

Amantadine Storage

Amantadine should be stored at controlled room temperatures between 68-77°F. It can be briefly exposed to temperatures between 59°-86°F. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to protect the capsules from moisture and light. 

Keep out of reach of children and pets.