Inguinal Hernia in Cats: Causes and How To Treat It

Inguinal hernias in cats occur when there is a defect in the abdominal (stomach) wall that normally separates organs from the groin, or in the area where your cat’s thigh meets their abdomen.

What Is an Inguinal Hernia in Cats?

This defect may start as a weakened muscle before forming a complete hole.

Kittens can be born with inguinal hernias or cats may get them later in life, most commonly due to trauma.

Inguinal hernias allow organs, like the intestines, to slide from the abdomen (where they should be) into the groin area of affected cats.

They cause an obvious swelling in the groin area that may lead to weight loss, decreased appetites, and discomfort, along with other symptoms.

Inguinal hernias can become medical emergencies if an organ becomes trapped in the groin area. It can cut off blood supply and lead to extreme pain.

If you suspect your cat has an inguinal hernia, see a veterinarian immediately.

Symptoms of an Inguinal Hernia in Cats

Symptoms of inguinal hernias in cats include the following:

• Swelling in groin area

• Lethargy

• Gas

• Bloating

• Pain in abdomen or groin

• Decreased appetite

• Weight loss

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Difficult or frequent urination

Causes of an Inguinal Hernia in Cats

Possible causes of inguinal hernias in cats may include:

• Congenital defect: Some kittens are born with a defect in their abdominal wall. Without proper closure, a hole remains open from the abdomen to the groin.

• Trauma: Any blunt force trauma, such as being hit by a car, can result in a tear in the abdominal wall, which could allow organs, such as the intestines or urinary bladder, to pass through into the groin area.

• Straining: If a cat is experiencing constipation, straining can bother the abdominal muscles and may lead to an inguinal hernia.

• Pregnancy: Pregnant cats experience weakening of the abdominal muscles, which can lead to inguinal hernias as the belly puts pressure on the groin area.

Senior cats are at an increased risk of inguinal hernias as their muscles weaken with age.

Pregnant females are also more likely to experience this condition due to the increased weight of the abdomen, coupled with weakened abdominal muscles.

How Veterinarians Diagnose an Inguinal Hernia in Cats

Veterinarians diagnose inguinal hernias in cats with a physical exam.

Generally, there will be an obvious swelling in the groin area.

However, depending on the size of the hernia, the organ that causes the swelling can move freely within the opening, so swelling may not always be present.

A veterinarian can feel this area for a noticeable defect in the muscle, even in the absence of swelling.

Pet parents should let their veterinarian know when they first noticed the swelling, if their cat is showing any pain, and any other concerning symptoms (like decreased appetite) they may have seen.

If a hernia is suspected, a veterinarian may perform diagnostic testing to confirm it or to determine its size. These may include:

• X-rays: X-rays visualize the inside of the body, which can indicate an inguinal hernia and which organ may be affected.

• Ultrasound: Sound waves are used to identify the inside of the cat’s body to visualize the area between the abdomen and the groin.

• Exploratory surgery: If X-rays and ultrasound are inconclusive, surgery may be needed to identify whether an inguinal hernia is present.

Treatment of an Inguinal Hernia in Cats

Treatment for inguinal hernias in cats usually involves surgery.

A veterinarian will identify the defect in the abdominal wall, replace the organ in its proper location in the abdomen (and remove any damaged portions), and sew the hole closed.

Following surgery, a veterinarian may prescribe pain medications, such as Onsior or buprenorphine, to keep the cat comfortable.

There is a chance that inguinal hernias may reappear after recovery; however, this is rare.

Recovery and Management of an Inguinal Hernia in Cats

Recovery time varies, but most cats bounce back quickly within seven to 10 days following surgery.

Some cats may require an recovery cone during this time to prevent them from licking their incision site, which can lead to it opening up or becoming infected.

It’s also important for pet parents to keep their cats calm and prevent them from jumping or playing roughly while their incisions heal.

Prevention of an Inguinal Hernia in Cats

Many inguinal hernias are not preventable, since they can be present at birth. Pet parents should ensure their cat receives regular wellness care to identify abnormalities early, so they can be promptly fixed.

Since inguinal hernias can develop after trauma, ensuring your cat remains indoors away from potential hazards can also be helpful.

Spaying your cat can also reduce her risk of developing inguinal hernias, because pregnant animals are at an increased risk for this condition.